Larus ridibundus Linnaeus, 1766.

Length 38 cm. A medium-sized gull with summer plumage of dark brownish-black hood, not extending to nape; grey back and wings. The wintering adult lacks the black hood but has a distinctive black smudge behind each eye. The bill and legs are red. The Black-headed Gull spends the winter on estuaries, coasts, and on inland lakes and rivers. It feeds on aquatic and terrestrial insects, earthworms, and marine invertebrates and to a lesser extent fish. This bird is an abundant winter visitor to the Mediterranean and Red Sea Coasts of Egypt.