The Bibliotheca Alexandrina, through the Center for Documentation of Cultural and Natural Heritage, has documented Egypt’s natural heritage, including nature protectorates and wildlife. The Center has contributed, for nearly two decades, to documenting and disseminating information related to natural heritage through the implementation of several projects for digital documentation of Egyptian heritage using the latest information technologies in cooperation with local and international specialized agencies and bodies.
Egypt is a country of great environmental diversity, this is equally apparent in its cultural as in its natural heritage. This diversity is characterized by its unique natural features from the fauna and flora in which it lives. Another factor contributing to Egypt’s rich natural heritage is its unique geographical position. Egypt occupies the north-eastern corner of the African continent at the junction of three continents and four biogeographical regions. This richness in biodiversity is appreciated by all nature lovers. In order to preserve this diverse and unique natural heritage, we must know, appreciate and enjoy this treasure.

Mammals
The most difficult to observe, as many of them are rare, others are nocturnal or inhabit remote locations. All one sees of mammals in Egypt is their tracks, feces, burrows or, their carcasses.
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Birds
The most visible and prominent wildlife in Egypt. Over 470 different species of birds have been recorded. Only about one third, or some 150 species, are residents, found in Egypt.
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Reptiles and Amphibians
The most numerous terrestrial vertebrate fauna. There are 112 species recorded, and there is still much to be learned about Egypt’s reptile and amphibian life.
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The Endangered
A species is therefore considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.These are the species that are globally endangered; however, many others are nationally threatened.
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Nile Crocodile
Reptiles and AmphibianNubian Spitting Cobra
Reptiles and AmphibianRed Fox
MammalsBlack-headed Gull
BirdsSpotted Sandgrouse
BirdsEgyptian Vulture
BirdsBarbary Sheep
Mammals
The Endangered Animals
Glossary Items
- Colonial
Living in a colony.
- Dorsal
Of the back.
- Granivorous
Feeds on grains and seeds.